What has changed in Morocco's climate since 1991? Scroll down: the chart transforms at each step, and every figure is computed from the data published by the Observatory.
Each stripe is one full year, from 1991 to 2025. Its colour shows Morocco's average temperature that year relative to the 1991–2020 normal: blue colder, red warmer. Notice how the colour shifts from left to right.
The 2023 anomaly reached +1.47 °C. Of the five warmest years (2017, 2022, 2023, 2024, 2025), 5 fall within the last ten years. The average of the last 10 years is 1.20 °C above that of the first 10.
SPEI-12 measures the water balance over twelve months: rainfall minus what evaporates. Below −1, drought begins; below −1.5, it is severe. The low point came in February 2024 (−2.54). The longest unbroken spell below −1 lasted 25 months, from March 2023 to March 2025.
A very hot day is one when the maximum temperature exceeds what is passed on only 10% of days in the same month over 1991–2020. In the first 10 years there were 26 a year on average; in the last 10, 64.
Each dot is a year: horizontally, rainy-season drought (March SPEI-6); vertically, agricultural value added growth. Correlation r = 0.61 (p < 0.001, 34 years). This is a statistical association: dry years often coincide with lower output, but the figure alone does not measure a causal effect.
According to the latest published situation (19 October 2026), national dam filling stands at 65.9%, about 11.2 billion m³. These reserves supply drinking water and irrigation until the next rainy season.
Drought and heat affect farming and water, and through them household income, business credit and banks. These channels are tracked in the other pages of the Observatory.
Sources: Open-Meteo (ERA5 reanalysis), World Bank, Ministry of Equipment and Water via maadialna.ma; Observatory calculations.